December 07, 2007

Radicals: a final thought

This is a small story I thought i'd share to give some perspective on what happened to all these 60's Berkeley radicals.

I went to my local ACE hardware one time to get some parts for my dad to repair something or other. A nice old man (i'd say 6 feet, gray hair with a bushy beard) who worked for the store helped me to find what I was looking for, and to check out as well. While we were checking out, we began discussing politics, and the current nature of our government. He mentioned that he was particularly bitter with how his generation had passed things along to the next. I asked him what he meant by this, and he began to tell me that he was very active in politics when he was young, mostly while he was in college. In fact, he had been a member of the SDS (not surprising), but had gotten cold feet after he had attempted to join the weather underground! At the time, I was only vaguely aware of what the weather underground actually meant (I was in high school, I probably thought it was PAC or something...)

Anyways, here he was, decades later and with alot more gray hair. I asked him what he would have done differently. "Maybe try to be more responsible, y'know, lead by example", to paraphrase his response. I didn't realize it at the time, but his thoughts make so much more sense now than they ever have. Active political movements, especially of the kind we have never been fortunate enough to take part in, have a way of changing us, forcing us to constantly challenge ourselves and our beliefs.

One man had lost his will to fight.

Doesn't Radical Just Mean Being a Decent Human Being?

Here’s a question. What was so great and unique about the radicals? Weren’t they just responding to the circumstances under which they found themselves? Why was it such a radical that Bouton’s farmers didn’t pay their taxes? They didn’t have any money! And the fact that parts of the local government were helping them get away with it….well this was before broadband internet, so the federal government was more of an idea than a reality. The people of their city were much more important to them than this far off governing body.
The suffragists…..they couldn’t vote, and that just wasn’t fair. They got the short end of the stick. Why was anyone surprised that they fought back? How is that radical? When something happens to me that is unfair, I confront it. I don’t consider that a radical action. The abolitionists were fighting the most evil system on the face of the earth. They were doing what was obvious to them, but not everyone else.
Since when does just doing the right thing make you a radical? In hindsight, we share the radical’s views on most things. In fact, the opposing view often seems radical. If someone were to say today that women shouldn’t vote, or that we should enslave black people, that would in fact seem pretty radical.
This still happens today. The people that say, “Hey, humans are kind of cool. We’ve come a long way and I would kind of suck if we wiped ourselves off of the face of the planet. Let’s take preventative action,” Are considered the radicals.
We suffer from the same lack of foresight that every generation has before us. In retrospect, of course Jim Crow was bad. Of course black and whites should be able to marry. The “radicals” saw this during the time, yet the majority thought they were crazy. Now equality is the norm and inequality is the radical.
Lets as a people learn something from the radicals. All of the bigotries and hang-ups that we have, let’s get over them. We have this hindsight, let’s use it. Okay…..fifty years from now, will we still be fighting about gay marriage? No…of course not. Gays will be able to get married if they want. In one hundred years is pot still going to be illegal? No! Are we still going to be thinking that nuclear power or fossil fuel is the answer? Of course not!
We could let everything move a slug like speed just like it has, or we can press the fast forward button. Imagine we are 100 years in the future and the radicals are considered to be the norm. Let’s get rid of the things that are obviously not going to last forever. Let’s take our species to the next level. Let’s just be decent human beings. Not radicals, but just decent, because that’s all that the radicals really were.

Governments responsibility

Here’s a question that has been eating at me. To what extent is the United States government obligated to squelch a rebellion that is brewing within its borders. For starters, our country was founded on a rebellion, making it part of the American tradition.
It seems that the government has a duel responsibility to both maintain the current system of order and protect the democratic rights of the revolutionaries. One could argue that the democratic system itself is revolutionary, each ballot measure or election being its own revolution. Democracy when achieved essentially is a form of government that allows for peaceful revolution. Think about it. A revolution is the process of the people changing the government. That is very akin to what happens in (ideal) democracy.
Now we have to think about violent revolution. Is that warranted when the peaceful democratic revolutions is not taking place as the people would like. That seems to be when the government gets scared and cracks down. This brings me back to the original question about where a government’s responsibility (and also motivation) lies. By squelching a revolution is the government acting selfishly in the interests of its own preservation, or is it acting in the best interest of the majority of people living under it.
I want to believe that when democracy is functioning correctly, it can be a means of revolution. Eugene Debbs had this same vision when he was running for president for the Socialist Party. He was much more of a visionary than The Weathermen Underground. His revolution was based on winning the people over to his side. The Weather Undergrounds revolution was based on destruction. Obviously neither were effective, but Debbs made a great deal more progress in his life.

Failure of the Abolitionists and the Emergence of the Civil Rights Movement

In my title, I don’t mean the efforts of the abolitionists that we read about in Stauffer’s were a complete failure. I see the effects of their actions two-fold: 1) the significant effect they had in regards to the eventual abolishment of slavery in the United States, and in this sense I see their efforts as victorious and 2) the effects they had in creating an egalitarian society in the US, and in this sense I see them as failing. I think the end of slavery was an important step towards creating an egalitarian society, but I think everyone would agree that they were very far from seeing that goal reached in their own lifetime, and even today we still have not obtained it. I see this failure occurring because of the means they resorted to bringing about the end of slavery as described by Stauffer in his book; that means being violence. Stauffer describes each abolitionist in his book as having this idealistic view of a utopian society in which all people are equal, but I think their view of the possibility of that happening in their own lifetime began to fade as they saw increasingly little effect of their non-violent protests. When I was reading the book, I viewed their resolution to begin using violence as an abandonment of their previous goal of creating an egalitarian society, and they instead focused on bringing about the end of slavery because that was something they believed they could do in their own lifetime. This had a profound impact on the civil rights movement, in my opinion, because even after slavery ended, African Americans were still viewed as second class citizens even up to the events of the movements. In part this is due to the polarizing effects violence has when trying to bring about equality, and this violence essentially helped to create two American societies within the same country: a dominant white majority which neglected the rights of the black minority (This is a huge oversimplification that disregards Asians, Native Americans, Latinos, etc. but I’m using it for the sake of the argument). If we then focus on the (largely) non-violent means used by the civil rights activists compared to the violence of the abolitionists, I think the civil rights movement took much greater steps forward in regards to creating a society of equals. I believe this is due to the methods used by the civil rights activists, which were for the most part, non-violent.

Capitalism and the Environment

Allow me to begin by responding to a rather forceful argument in the second part of the essay. Mr. White argues: "Capitalism as a system of ever-accelerating production and consumption is, as we environmentalists continually insist, not sustainable. That is, it is a system intent on its own death." The validity of this argument certainly depends on your position in this debate, but I find it hard to believe that environmentalists would disregard two simple truth's. First, the world's human population has always, and will always continue to expand, NECESSITATING an increase in global consumption. Secondly, people enjoy living good lives. By "good" I do not seek to qualify an individual's preferences, needless to say I believe most individual's would define good more in relation to comfort. So why, then, do we view capitalism as a system intent on its own death? I do believe that the current nature of our consumerist mindset is problematic (I went to a Portland Trailblazers basketball game last night and couldn't BELIEVE the amount of advertising that occurs at an event like that!) However, I also truly believe that capitalism is necessary to secure a better future for EVERY individual in the world. There are two main contentions to my argument, the first being that capitalism has brought us innovation, technology, and development un-thought of before, and as a result, has benefited billions of people throughout the world. Second, that no viable, or more importantly preferable, alternative exists.

Concerning the first contention, Mr. White writes: "Our culture’s assumption that there is virtue in work flatters us into thinking that we’re doing something noble ("supporting our families,” “putting food on the table,” “making sacrifices") when we are really only allowing ourselves to be treated like automatons. We all have our place, our “job,” and it is an ever less human place. We are diligent, disciplined, and responsible, but because of these virtues we are also thoughtless." I find disagreement with this argument. For as long as I have known them, a majority of human beings would rather do less than more. They would prefer leisure to work, and would accept stagnation if it meant avoiding the rigors of development. I find it hard to believe that our society could have advanced as far as it has without the direction and guidance that "jobs" give us. Progress requires work, and dividing work up amongst a society is the best way to "focus" the energy of people, without leaving that energy to the devices of destructiveness and leisure. We have capitalism to thank for so many modern innovations that, simply put, improve (and even save) the quality of life for millions, if not billions. Medical technology is infinitesimally ahead of where it was before our society embraced capitalism. We may over-rely on pharmaceuticals, but this is the nature of a treatment method we do not yet fully understand. Likewise, the ability to feed the billions of additional people within our global population can be largely credited to the greater efficiency of capitalism. Slash and burn agriculture, an agricultural method that is wholly un-sustainable, is a product of non-capitalist environments. Further, capitalism has led to developments in agricultural technology that saves lives. Golden rice, a genetically engineered strain of rice designed to biosynthesize Vitamin A, could save millions of lives a year from death and blindness. Capitalism has brought us safer, faster transportation, communications technology to be able to speak with loved one's instantaneously, untold ability to spread knowledge and culture, and to interact with other members of our global community, to aid development of infrastructure, to house, to clothe, to protect, to educate, etc. I think my argument is clear.

Concerning the second contention, I see no preferable alternative to capitalism, save to work within the system to affect better change. Mr. White rejects this notion when he says: "In short, there would be nothing inappropriate or undesirable were we to understand our relation to nature in spiritual terms or poetic terms or, with Emerson and Thoreau, in good old American transcendental terms, but there is no broadly shared language in which to do this. So we are forced to resort to what is in fact a lower common denominator: the languages of science and bureaucracy." Mr. White believes that "green capitalism" (as he calls it) is designed not to protect the environment, but to protect capitalism itself. While I think this assertion underestimates the benefits of working within capitalism to protect the environment, I am not exactly sure how we as a society could "understand our relation to nature in spiritual terms or poetic terms". Do we throw off capitalism? And if so, for what? Feudalism? Communism? Both have demonstrated to be far more delitrious to the environment (keeping in mind we cannot compare them, technology wise, to capitalism). I understand the need to reform our consumerist mindset, and I wholeheartedly agree with this sentiment. We cannot consume indefinitely. But we must also recognize capitalism for what it is, a system designed to maximize the efficiency of people, and their ability to CONTRIBUTE to the progress of humyn kind. Do not reject capitalism, but also don't believe that buying shade grown Starbucks is the solution.

December 05, 2007

Effectiveness of Force in Radical Movements

Having recently readand discussed in class the radical groups like AIM and the Black Panthers, I feel somewhat more versed on the topic; however in my view and as equally important to the topic is its lasting effects and influence that can be felt now or at least within our lifetime. I found myself questioning the lasting effects of these incidents. For example I was curious whether the FBI were held accountable for their highly unconstituational COINTELPRO and the far reaching consequences towards all of these radical movements from that dubious piece of policing, or there highprofile suspicous slaying of Black Panther leader Fred Hampton. Similarly the killing of George Jackson by prison gaurds, and culminating in the Waco-like siege on the Pine Creek reservation. In all these instances, the government abused their power and broke laws, all in the succesful pursuit of destroying their adversaries, these militant radical groups like the Weather Underground or AIM. Van Gosse seems to say in regards to this that these abuses in power awakened many people's concicouness to this and his point seems to be that although their methods were slightly dubious they forced the Government to show its dirty side in getting rid of them, I would tend to agree with him that this interplay opened up new dialogue for which these issues could be discussed and awakened many the corruption of our government; however, I feel that events today like the riots in LA during the early nineties or the continued improverished nature of the reservations in particularly the Pine Creek reservation in Nebraska show this inpotency of the movements and lend credit to the conservative nature of both our political culture as well as national consciousness. Any thoughts?

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